Effect of Vermiwash on Crop Growth Performance

Effect of Vermiwash on Crop Growth Performance host MEMBERSIntroductionPanchagavya is an original formulation, which is prepargond out of unique combination of fivesome products of affright viz., cow milk, curd, ghee, urine and fresh dung at prehend quantities quiet from l figureating heifers. It is an ingrained plant liquid fertilizer. It is organic egressions that act as a stimulant for both types of plants, milk producing animals such as cow and goat. Panchagavya is overly a traditional method, used to safeguard plants and priming small-organisms and to increase plant production. Panchagavya application is launch to be more advantageous than recommended fertilizer application and chemic spray. The modified versions used for organic demesne fuddle been standardized by experimental trials. The market quest for organic produce gave further momentum to the organic movement, and eventually sporadic attempts have been made to detoxify the land, dispense with chemical f ertilizers, pesticides, fungicides and herbicides, and grow crops organically. There was no organic substitute for these chemicals, yet the cause of organic agriculture picked up momentum. The current global scenario firmly emphasizes the need to adopt eco-friendly agricultural practices for sustain fitted agriculture. Chemical agriculture has made an adverse impact on the health-c be of not only priming coat moreover also the undecomposed priming coat microbial communities and the plants cultivated in these lands. This eventually has lead to a high demand for organic produce by the present-day health conscious golf-club and sporadic attempts are being made by farmers all everywhere the world to detoxify the land by switching over to organic farming dispensing with chemical fertilizers, pesticides, fungicides and herbicides. Organic manure supervene upond chemical fertilizers, herbal extracts replaced pesticides and fungicides, but nothing was avail competent to replace growt h promoting hormones and ohmic resistance boosters for plants. The organic ashes was imperfect and continued to be incomplete for want of an input to replace growth- promoting hormones and immunity boosters, to maximize the efficiency of cultivated crops and coordinate the process trail to sustained higher productivity.Materials5 kg of cow dung3 cubic decimetres of cows urineI liter ghee3 liters cocoanut water supply2 liters milk2 liters curd3 kg molasses12 bananasPreparation MethodThe cow dung was weighted and divided into both which consist only 2.5 kg. After that, the cow urine also been metrical into 1.5 liters each. Later, the ghee was weighted to 500 ml.The ingredients was mixed in the 2 drum pair of tongs and leave at the shady area without covered for 3 eldAfter 3 days, the outrideed ingredient was added. The coconut water was measured into 1.5 ml each and mixed into 2 drum tongs.After that, 1 liter milk and curd was measured and added to each tongs. Later, 1.5 kg molasses was weighted and added. The molasses was a stand-in for sugar jakese juice.Last but not least, the 6 bananas were smashed and added into the tongs. all(prenominal) the ingredient was mixed thoroughly and carefully mixed for about 10 days.After 10 days, the panchagavya mixed had be diluted with water and can be sprayed to the plant. The diluted panchagavya was sprayed twice a day, in the morning and at evening.The dilution ratio 3 liters of panchagavya 97 liters water = 100 liters diluentsDiscussionBenefitsIncreases immunity of plants and other living organisms to fight diseases cures already infested plants and other living organismsStimulates growth of plants with more branchesSustains drought conditionsIncreases yield.Panchagavya for animal healthPanchagavya is a living elixir of many micro organisms, bacteria, fungi, proteins, carbohydrates, fats, amino acids, vitamins, enzymes, k at presentn and unknown growth promoting factors micronutrients clue elements antioxid ant and immunity enhancing factors. When taken orally by animals and human beings, the living micro organisms in the Panchagavya stimulate the immune system and produce lot of antibodies against the ingested microorganisms. It acts interchangeable vaccine. This response of the body increases the immunity of animals and creation and thus helps to prevent affection and cures disease. It slows down the aging process and restores youthfulness. The other factors present in Panchagavya cleanse apetite, digestion and assimilation and elimination of toxins in the body. Constipation is totally cured. Thus the animals and humans become hale and healthy with shining hair and skin. The weight gains are impressive.Effect of PanchakavyaLeafPlants sprayed with Panchagavya invariably produce bigger leaves and develop blockheadedr canopy. The photosynthetic system is activated for enhanced biological efficiency, enabling synthesis of uttermost metabolites and photosynthesis.StemThe trunk produ ces side shoots, which are sturdy and capable of carrying level best fruits to maturity. Branching is comparatively high.RootsThe rooting is profuse and dense. Further they re chief(prenominal) fresh for a long time. The roots spread and grow into deeper bottoms were also observed. All such roots help maximum intake of nutrients and water. payoffThere will be yield depression under popular circumstances, when the land is reborn to organic farming from inorganic systems of culture. The key frisk of Panchagavya is its efficacy to restore the yield level of all crops when the land is converted from inorganic cultural system to organic culture from the very scratch line year. The harvest is advanced by 15 days in all the crops.It not only enhances the shelf life of vegetables, fruits and grains, but also improves the taste. By reducing or replacing costly chemical inputs, Panchagavya ensures higher increase and liberates the organic farmers from loan.Drought HardinessA thin oily remove is formed on the leaves and stems, thus reducing the evaporation of water. The deep and panoptic roots developed by the plants allow withstanding long dry periods. both(prenominal) the above factors contribute to reduce the irrigation water requirement by 30% and to ensure drought hardiness.Referenceshttp//indianjournals.com/ijor.aspx?target=ijorjohvolume=9issue=4article=004 (referred on 25/5/2015)Manual, P. take for on Panchagavya. 137 (referred on 25/5/2015)http//www.sciencepub.net/American/am0602/07_1124_ makeup_am0602.pdf (referred on 25/5/2015)http//www.cabdirect.org/abstracts/20093352911.htmljsessionid=E59D6E1B15DE2A342D36EF7BA3EAED0B (referred on 25/5/2015)http//panchagavya.in/ (referred on 25/5/2015)VermiwashIntroductionVermiwas is a watery extract of compost, put in after water had catch up withed down through several bottoms of waste in a barrel or container and also through a tower of worm action which is very useful to crop producers. Furthermore, it is act ually a collection of earthworms mucus secreation, excretory products together with micronutrients from the soil organic molecules. Physical characteristics of vermiwash is that it will appear as clear, transparent, pale yellow facile provided it was collected properly. Sometimes it will turn to be honey-brown food coloring which is also greenly used in the agriculture field. Earthworms are the main agent that helps fasten the process of decomposting and reduce the period for the vermiwash to be ready. primary(prenominal) reason on why earthworms are being used is ascribable to the coelomic fluid in their body which helps keeping the body wet and are always secreted by their body. Vermiwash originally derives from the coelomic fluid which was released by the earthworm and Coelomicites, Granulocites and Limphoidocites cells were found to be present in the coelomic fluid. Advantages of having those 3 cells are that it facilitates wound better in earthworms and provide immune pow er to them. They are found to be protected from diseases caused pathogen due to the failure of pathogens in surviving in that fluid. Having added earthworms in the vermiwash helps decomposing organic matter and turning nutrients into a form available to plants. Earthworms feed on decaying plant and soil where they digest it and excrete it. Liquid consisting of nutriets such as calcium, nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus are the excretion matter by the earthworms. this liquid makes up vermiwash hence helping plant to be able to absorb it.ObjectiveTo contemplate the effect of applying vermiwash on the growth writ of execution of the crop.Material and apparatusBarrel 100LBroken bricksThick sandEarthwormsCowdung + soil + hayCow urineSprinklerTap waterFilter paper/ muslin clothProcedureA barrel that can withhold 10 to 100 litres of liquid that comes intact with an outlet for the collection of vermiwash was active. In the barrel, distinguishable social classs were placed from the bo ttom till the top .The premier most layer which was placed at the base of the barrel was the washed and broken pieces of bricks which was prepared as a layer of 25 perccent duration.After that, a layer of 25 percent of washed thick sand was added on the first layer.The third layer would be the cowdung soil and hay layer which were added on the thick sand layer.Next, tap water was used to spray on the layer bed and the wash off water will pass through the outlet of the barrel.The 5th procedure was then continued for somewhat 2 to 3 days so that more wastes were washed out.Then, a species of earthworms were introduced into the side soil layer of 40-50 sq. ft and 10 percent layer of cowdung was added before the barrel was closed or covered victimization gain vigor paper or muslin cloth.The sprayed water from above that had passed through perforated grind to a halt or metal pot with the capacity of 5 litre was collected from the bottom of the barrel.Finally, the vermiwash was ready to be used where it is suggested to use both as it is or by diluting it with water or 10 percent cows urine.DiscussionPhysic-chemical characteristicsAfter the success production of vermiwash, the physic-chemical characteristics of the vermiwash can be measured. It is better to measure because it can determine or proves that the vermiwash that had been prepared manually have the correct range of physic-chemical characteristics. The first characteristics is the pH where it is normally somewhat pH 6.9. the dissolved oxygen instruction would be 1.14 ppm whereas its alkalinity is around 70.00 ppm. another(prenominal) than that, vermiwash have 110.00 ppm levels for chloride and 177.00 ppm for sulfates content. Besides that, it had been recorded in previous study that the reading for inorganic phosphate was around 50.9 mg/l ahile its ammonical nitrogen was around 2.00 ppm. Furthermore, it had 69.00 level for potassium and 122.00 ppm for sodium content in the vermiwash.Application of V ermiwashThe common practice to apply vermiwash can be either by displace it onto the soil at the base of the plant or it can be sprayed at the leaves of the plant. It had been said that by spraying it onto the leaves, the epidermis of the leaves will be strengther or stronger thus decreasing the level of damage that had been caused by aphids and go in fungal spores. In large farms that had been practicing irrigation method as part of their water management for the crop, they can apply vermiwash using irrigation method for example in the drip system.Effect Of Vermiwash On The Quality and Yield Of CropsAccording to a recent findings, antibacterial properties can be found in the coelomic fluid produced by the earthworm body. previous studies had shown that the quality and quantity of yield had improve remarkablely after vermiwash was sprayed on the vegetables. Furthermore, even the foliage of the crop turned dense green in 2 to 3 days. Karuna et al. (1999) had studied on twain diff erent c at one timentrations of vermiwash of Eudrilus eugeniae which was sprayed on anthuriums to study its effect. Findings of the study showed that the most effective circumstances of vermiwash to be used was 50 percent which is good in generate vegetative growth such as number of suckers, length, breadth of leaves, length of petiole and develop early flowering in plants. Next study do by Balam (2002) on biopesticidal properties of vermiwash produced using cowdung and vegetable wastes by inoculate earthworm species (E. foetida) in the laboratory also to determine the effect of using the vermiwash on cowpea for vcast disease. Findings from the study showed that usage of 20 percent to 30 percent of vermiwash will cause the inhibition of mycelial growth of pathogenic political campaign fungi. Vermicompost and vermiwash were proven to be able to control disease powdery mildew at 75.14 % rate when applied. On the other hand, another effective intercession was combining vermicompo st, vermiwash and 10 % cow urine which said to be able to control disease at 73.37 % rate.ConclusionAs a conclusion, on that point are many things found around us that can be turned into something useful for us humans. Daily, human produces many waste either at home, farm production and other activities. All those waste which were once simply being thrown away in the river, on blank land, and other places on earth that ends up polluting the environment can now be make use of. Methods had been discovered on how and what to be done with those waste that can benefits us all either by suppling nutrients to the soil or crop which is environmental friendly, made without a single wounding chemical, nutritious and more importantly, cheap to be produced compared by using the chemical fertilizer, pesticide, fungicide and others. The usage of worms which was known to be useful in the humiliation of stuff helps in vermicomposting thus vermiwash. Proves can be found in journals and books don e by researches that approves the usage of vermiwash which was said to be more beneficial towards producers, crops, soil and not to forget mother nature.ReferrencesThe Complete Technology accommodate on Vermiculture and Vermicompost By NPCS Board of Consultants Engineers. (referred on 26/5/2015) schoolbook Book Of Applied Zoology By P.V. Jabde. (referred on 26/5/2015)The Complete Technology Book on Vermiculture and Vermicompost By Niir Board. (referred on 26/5/2015)Verms Vermitechnology By Arvind Kumar. (referred on 26/5/2015)